Computer printers, like many of technologies' children, are relatively trouble free. Change an ink or laser cartridge as needed and you'll have relatively few problems that need fixing. However, printers often break down just when you need them the most, so you should know how to perform some basic fixes to computer printers.

How Does It Work?

A computer printer is an electronic component that gets data from a computer through a cable and converts the data into a series of small dots that form letters or images on paper.

There are three types of computer printers used by consumers: the older dot-matrix and the newer ink-jet and laser printers. Each prints differently. The dot matrix printer uses a printhead with pins that strike the paper through a replaceable inked ribbon. The ink-jet printer, also known as a bubble-jet printer, contains a print head that moves back and forth across the sheet of paper, then moves the paper up after each pass. The print head fires tiny jets of ink onto the paper to produce rows of dots that build up into images and characters. In laser printers, a laser or light-emitting diode (LED) flashes rows of lights on and off toward the printing drum to make images.

What Can Go Wrong?

Accessing cartridges and the head typically requires removing paper trays and component covers.

Many printer problems can be solved easily. If a printer doesn't work, check for a loose connection or a paper jam. Jammed paper can usually be pulled out from under the roller, called a platen, once you've unplugged the printer. Many problems can be solved by checking the software configurations (including printer drivers), by restarting or rebooting, or by cleaning and lubricating. If you suspect a motor problem, however, you must have the printer serviced by a technician.

Fix-It Tip

Keep your printer covered when not in use to shield it from dust and debris. Electronic gadgets seem to attract things that aren't good for them.